There are three types of energy models. White-box models use physics, black-box models use historical data and statistics, and gray-box models use a mix. Energy modeling can be very useful for NYC building owners, since Local Law 97 of 2019 stringent emission limits starting from 2024. With so many different options to upgrade buildings, owners must make sure they find the best mix to cut emissions
https://www.ny-engineers.com/blog/understanding-the-three-types-of-energy-models-for-buildings