The liver's primary functional cells are hepatocytes, crucial for liver functions. These cells can be obtained from sources each with their own advantages and disadvantages. While primary hepatocytes offer the accurate physiological representation they face challenges in terms of availability, viability and limited ability to grow. Liver cell lines provide a source but may show changes in characteristics.

Hepatocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells show potential for personalized medicine but need further development. A thorough understanding of hepatocyte features is essential for progressing liver research.

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